Innate and adaptive immune responses have a well-known link and represent the distinctive
origins of several diseases, many of which may be the consequence of the loss of balance …

There is strong evidence that COVID-19 pathophysiology is mainly driven by a
spatiotemporal immune deregulation. Both its phenotypic heterogeneity, spanning from …

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has swept the world, unlike any other pandemic in
the last 50 years. Our understanding of the disease has evolved rapidly since the outbreak; …

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to huge concern worldwide. Some SARS-CoV-2 …

Inflammation is a key mechanism for the clearance of infective agents and other
inflammatory triggers and is pivotal for the repairing processes of the affected tissues …

To date, no vaccines or effective drugs have been approved to prevent or treat COVID-19
and the current standard care relies on supportive treatments. Therefore, based on the fast …

The recent COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on our lives and has rapidly
expanded to reach more than 4 million cases worldwide by May 2020. These cases are …

The first case of human transmission of SARS-CoV-2 was reported in China in December
2019. A few months later, this viral infection had spread worldwide and became a pandemic …

Inflammatory and immune processes are defensive mechanisms that aim to remove harmful
agents. As a response to infections, inflammation and immune response contribute to the …

The COVID‐19 pandemic has represented an unprecedented challenge for the humanity,
and scientists around the world provided a huge effort to elucidate critical aspects in the fight …