Rigid barriers can be destroyed by the impact of rock boulders in rockfalls, landslides and
debris flows. An estimation for the maximum magnitude of the impact force is significant for …

Rockfall is a common geological hazard in mountainous areas and can pose great danger
to people and properties. Understanding the impact forces induced by a single rock or a rock …

Rigid barriers are commonly used as defense measures in hilly areas to contain falling
boulders and landslide debris, and the sliding displacement of these barriers is a key design …

Flexible barriers have been widely applied in rockfall mitigation in recent years. However,
the behavior of flexible barriers under the impact of boulders is still not fully understood. To …

The maximum impact force caused by a rockfall is a very important factor for the design of
protection measures for houses, roads, and bridges. To establish an impact force model, the …

The purpose of this study is to learn the coefficients of restitution, rotational motions and
energy ratio for spherical boulder impacting on the two type slopes. Furthermore, this paper …

Debris flows carry enormous momentum as they surge downslope and could cause loss of
lives and damage to infrastructure. Structural countermeasures such as rigid and flexible …

Conventionally, flexible barriers are rated based on their ability to resist a free-falling
boulder with a particular input energy. However, there is still no well-accepted approach for …

Rockfall poses a great threat to buildings and personal security. To understand the dynamic
characteristics of rockfalls is a prerequisite for disaster prevention and assessment. Models …

The so-called “bullet effect” refers to the perforation of a rockfall protection mesh by impact of
a small block, which has a kinetic energy lower than the design value, where the design …