A majority of existing evacuation models overlooked the pedestrian's social relationship and
their learning ability. In this paper, we made two improvements base on the social force …

This paper provides a critical review on the state-of-the-art pedestrian and evacuation
dynamics so as to comprehensively comprehend the motion behaviors of pedestrians from …

Due to the interaction and external interference, the crowds will constantly and dynamically
adjust their evacuation path in the evacuation process to achieve the purpose of rapid …

Fire is one of the most common and harmful disasters in real life. In 2021, firefighting teams
in China reported 748,000 fires, resulting in 1987 deaths, 2225 injuries and CNY 6.75 billion …

Academic studies have shown that obstacles at the exit can improve evacuation efficiency,
managers are skeptical of this strategy due to the effort and complexity required to …

Collision avoidance behavior has become an open challenging problem since it is one of
critical factors that influence the pedestrian flow dynamics. In this paper, a cellular …

Conventional simulations on multi‐exit indoor evacuation focus primarily on how to
determine a reasonable exit based on numerous factors in a changing environment. Results …

This paper attempts to design an intelligent simulation model for pedestrian crowd
evacuation. For this purpose, the cellular automata (CA) was fully integrated with fuzzy logic …

In recent years, floods have caused significant casualties and property damage worldwide.
To investigate the evacuation dynamics of pedestrian in subway stations under flood …

Two multi-exit selection models based on social force model are presented to simulate
pedestrian evacuation, and the model coefficients are optimized by considering the effect of …