Due to the alarming rate of climate change, fuel consumption and emission estimates are
critical in determining the effects of materials and stringent emission control strategies. In this …

The transportation sector contributes significantly to emissions and air pollution globally.
Emission models of modern vehicles are important tools to estimate the impact of …

Burning fossil fuels results in emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), which significantly
contributes to atmospheric changes and climate disturbances. Consequently, people are …

Accurate estimation of fuel consumption and emissions is crucial for assessing the impact of
materials and stringent emission control techniques on climate change, particularly in the …

The rapid growth of transportation sector and related emissions are attracting the attention of
policymakers to ensure environmental sustainability. Therefore, the deriving factors of …

Urban growth in most developing countries mainly results from vast economic development.
As, consequences, capital cities have become the center of many activities. A large amount …

The underestimation of fuel consumption impacts various aspects. In the vehicle market,
manufacturers often advertise fuel economy for marketing. In fact, the fuel consumption …

Due to the excellent energy-saving and environmental protection features, electric vehicles
(EVs) are gaining significant market penetration, especially in densely populated urban …

The energy demand of electric buses (EBs) is a very important parameter that should be
considered by transport companies when introducing electric buses into the urban bus fleet …

Climate change is one of the greatest environmental hazards to mankind. The emission of
greenhouse gases has resulted in a continuous increase in the temperature of the …