Innate immunity involves direct interactions between the host and microorganisms, both
pathogenic and symbiotic, so natural selection is expected to strongly influence genes …

The evolutionarily recent geographic expansion of humans, and the even more recent
development of large, relatively dense human settlements, has exposed our species to new …

Humans exhibit considerable variability in their immune responses to the same immune
challenges. Such variation is widespread and affects individual and population‐level …

Humans display remarkable immune response variation when exposed to identical immune
challenges. However, our understanding of the genetic, evolutionary, and environmental …

Pathogens have always been a major cause of human mortality, so they impose strong
selective pressure on the human genome. Data from population genetic studies, including …

Immune response is one of the functions that have been more strongly targeted by natural
selection during human evolution. The evolutionary genetic dissection of the immune system …

Pathogen-imposed selection pressures have been paramount during human evolution.
Detecting such selection signatures in ancient and modern human genomes can thus help …

Human genes governing innate immunity provide a valuable tool for the study of the
selective pressure imposed by microorganisms on host genomes. A comprehensive …

Under selective pressure from infectious microorganisms, multicellular organisms have
evolved immunological defense mechanisms, broadly categorized as innate or adaptive …

It has been proposed that positive selection may be associated with protein functional
change. For example, human and macaque have different outcomes to HIV infection and it …