Stimuli-responsive soft actuators have attracted increasing attention in multiple fields since
they exhibit unique advantages in safe interaction with humans and adaptability to dynamic …

Soft actuators based on smart materials can utilize external stimuli, especially clean energy
sources such as light and humidity in nature, to achieve controllable actuation and …

External-stimuli-driven soft actuators overcome several limitations inherent in traditional
mechanical-driven technology considering the coming age of flexible robots, which might …

Recently, soft actuators with the capabilities of stimuli response have attracted great
attention and shown potential application prospects in soft robots. The critical factor of soft …

Biological systems with the capabilities of multi-stimuli response and delicate structural
changes have inspired the design of soft actuators and robots by either creating anisotropic …

Bioinspired soft actuators, capable of undergoing shape deformation in response to external
triggers, hold great potential in fields such as soft robotics, artificial muscles, drug delivery …

Soft actuators that respond to external stimuli like moisture, magnetism, light, and
temperature have received tremendous attention owing to their promising potential in many …

The soft actuators capable of responding to multiple stimuli and adapting to changing
environments have attracted growing interest in the flexible multifunctional materials …

Nanocarbon‐based polymer actuators have attracted significant attention because of their
excellent actuation performance. In this study, a soft bimorph actuator composed of an …

Bioinspired smart polymeric materials that undergo three-dimensional shape deformation in
response to specific stimuli have gained significant attention in the field of soft robotics and …