INTRODUCTION Dendritic cells (DC) are professional antigen-presenting cells that
orchestrate immune responses. The human DC population comprises multiple subsets …

To study in vivo CD8 T cell differentiation, we quantified the coexpression of multiple genes
in single cells throughout immune responses. After in vitro activation, CD8 T cells rapidly …

Human beings are exposed to a variety of different pathogens, which induce tailored
immune responses and consequently generate highly diverse populations of pathogen …

Infections induce pathogen-specific T cell differentiation into diverse effectors (Teff) that give
rise to memory (Tmem) subsets. The cell-fate decisions and lineage relationships that …

A hallmark of chronic infections is the presence of exhausted CD8 T cells, characterized by a
distinct transcriptional program compared with functional effector or memory cells, co …

Immunological memory provides rapid protection to pathogens previously encountered
through infection or vaccination. CD 4 T‐cells play a central role in all adaptive immune …

T cell dysfunction is an important feature of many chronic viral infections. In particular, it was
shown that programmed death-1 (PD-1) regulates T cell dysfunction during chronic …

Viral persistence specifically inhibits CD4 Th1 responses and promotes Tfh immunity, but
the mechanisms that suppress Th1 cells and the disease consequences of their loss are …

Measuring the magnitudes and specificities of antiviral CD8 T-cell responses is critical for
understanding the dynamics and regulation of adaptive immunity. Despite many excellent …

Tissue-resident memory T (T RM) cells serve as vanguards of antimicrobial host defense in
nonlymphoid tissues, particularly at barrier epithelia and in organs with nonrenewable cell …