Acoustic communication in Underwater Wireless Communication Networks (UWCNs) has
several challenges due to the presence of fading, multipath and refractive properties of the …

More than 75% of the Earth surface is covered by water in the form of oceans. The oceans
are unexplored and very far-fetched to investigate due to distinct phenomenal activities in …

In recent years, underwater acoustic technology has rapidly developed in the mean of civil
and military usage. The majority of models in underwater communication undergo the …

Driven by the huge demand to explore oceans, underwater wireless communications have
been rapidly developed in the past few decades. Due to the complex physical characteristics …

While wireless communication technology today has become part of our daily life, the idea of
wireless undersea communications may still seem far-fetched. However, research has been …

Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSN) experience severe communication
problems due to large acoustic or electromagnetic (EM) signal attenuation. The propagation …

In past decades there has been a growing interest in discussion and study of using
underwater acoustic channel as the physical layer for communication systems, ranging from …

This paper has presented our interesting in wireless underwater communications for
different ocean water types. Recent interest in ocean exploration has brought about a desire …

Underwater communication is a challenging topic due to its singular channel characteristics.
Most protocols used in terrestrial wireless communication can not be directly applied in the …

This paper reviews the physical fundamentals and engineering implementations for efficient
information exchange via wireless communication using physical waves as the carrier …