A program for simulating ice accretion on an offshore structure due to spray generation from
wavestructure impacts is presented in this paper. The program is an upgraded version of …

Marine assets including ships and offshore structures are subject to ice accretion while
operating in cold environments. To assess the risk associated with the ice accretion and to …

A tool predicting the spatial distribution of ice is required to take precautions against icing in
the design of offshore structures. This paper presents a 3-dimensional time-dependent …

Cold ocean regions have many environmental challenges that pose risks to the stability of
both marine vessels and structures and to human safety. One major hazard is the marine or …

Marine ice accretion creates a hazardous condition to mariners serving in the cold regions.
Sea spray generated by the ship-wave interaction is one of the main contributing factors to …

In this study, several approaches are applied to historical surface observations to assess the
frequency of icing conditions in Europe. The first approach is an examination of surface …

The rate of ice accumulation on stationary structures was calculated using published data.
The results were compared with icing measured on board ships. Although the general trend …

Atmospheric icing became a primary concern due to the significant impact and hazardous
conditions of its accretion on structures. The objective of this study is to provide a map of …

This article presents an extension of the two-dimensional icing model ICEMOD2. In contrast
to this model the new model (called ICEMOD2. 1) considers the inertia terms in the …

Sea‐spray wetting of ships operating in cold environments imposes a great safety risk, due
to icing. For this reason, marine‐icing warnings have been a part of operational weather …