The increasing proliferation of mobile devices along with the evolution of access
technologies has led to a growth on a variety of services which the end user has at his …

Recently, the mobility management of urban vehicular networks has become great
challenges for researchers due to its unique mobility requirements imposed by mobile users …

Recently, a network-based mobility management protocol called Proxy Mobile IPv6
(PMIPv6) is being actively standardized by the IETF NETLMM working group, and is starting …

Vehicle have access to the internet for communications to facilitate the need of mobility
management and point of interest distribution in emerging Intelligent Transportation System …

Typical PMIPv6 supports mobility management for the Mobile Host (MH) in localized
domains over variant Wireless Local Area Network technologies. The typical PMIPv6 …

Mobility management with provision of seamless handover is crucial for an efficient support
of global roaming of mobile nodes (MNs) in next-generation wireless networks (NGWN) …

Current network mobility management protocols allow users to access broadband Internet
while moving in vehicles or from vehicles to fixed locations without breaking ongoing …

The internet was basically designed for the static nodes, but with the development of mobile
nodes such as smart phones, that have wireless capabilities, the first design was insufficient …

Fast handover for Proxy Mobile IPv6 (FPMIPv6), a protocol described in RFC 5949, is used
to resolve handover latency and packet loss problems that occur in the Proxy Mobile IPv6 …

The network mobility basic support (NEMO BS) protocol has been investigated to provide
Internet connectivity for a group of nodes, which is suitable for intelligent transportation …