A newly installed Lithium Granule Injector (LGI) was used to pace edge localized modes
(ELM) in DIII-D. ELM pacing efficiency was studied injecting lithium granules of nominal …

The first results of edge-localized mode (ELM) pacing using small spherical lithium granules
injected mechanically into H-mode discharges are reported. Triggering of ELMs was …

The ability of an injected lithium granule to promptly trigger an edge localized mode (ELM)
has been established in multiple experiments. By horizontally injecting granules ranging in …

A critical challenge facing the basic long-pulse H-mode for ITER is to control edge-localized
modes (ELMs). A new method using a multichamber lithium (Li) granule injector (LGI) for …

The injection of impurity granules into fusion research discharges can serve as a catalyst for
ELM events. For sufficiently low ELM frequencies, and granule sizes above a threshold, this …

Periods of edge localized mode (ELM)-free H-mode with increased pedestal pressure and
width were observed in the DIII-D tokamak when density fluctuations localized to the region …

In ASDEX Upgrade, experimental efforts aim to establish pace making and mitigation of type-
I edge localized modes (ELMs) in high confinement mode (H-mode) discharges. Injection of …

Injection of cryogenic deuterium pellets has been successfully applied in ASDEX Upgrade
for external edge localized mode (ELM) frequency control in type-I ELMy H-mode discharge …

The injection of small deuterium pellets at high repetition rates up to 12× the natural edge
localized mode (ELM) frequency has been used to trigger high-frequency ELMs in otherwise …

Pellets injected into type-I ELMy H-mode discharges are known to trigger edge-localized
modes (ELMs). In order to understand the underlying processes the triggering mechanism …