Background The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of active and passive
smoking on cardiorespiratory responses in asymptomatic adults during a sub-maximal …

Objective To evaluate the dose–response relationship between smoking load and
cardiopulmonary fitness, as measured with cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), in …

Background: Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) is considered the gold standard of
cardio-pulmonary and muscle cell fitness. Reduced cardiopulmonary fitness is associated …

Background: Low cardiorespiratory fitness in young adults has emerged as an important
factor for developing cardiovascular comorbidities later in middle age. Increased body …

Purpose: This study compared the immediate effects of smoking on cardiorespiratory
responses to dynamic arm and leg exercises. Methods: This randomized crossover study …

Introduction: Pulmonary function is compromised in most smokers. Yet it is unknown whether
exercise training improves pulmonary function and aerobic capacity in cigarette and hookah …

Objective: To determine whether the level of physical activity in daily life (PADL) is
associated with pulmonary function in adult smokers. Methods: We selected 62 adult …

Background and objective In smokers without airflow obstruction, detailed, objective and
controlled quantification of the level of physical inactivity in daily life has never been …

Objective To investigate the relationship between smoking status and exercise capacity,
physical activity in daily life and health-related quality of life in physically independent …

Chronic exposure to tobacco smoking may damage lung and heart function. The aim of this
study was to assess maximal exercise capacity and its relationship with lung function in …