Excess or wasteful commuting is measured as the proportion of actual commute that is over
minimum (optimal) commute when assuming that people could freely swap their homes and …

This report describes patterns of commuting for the nation and metropolitan statistical areas
(metro areas) based on the 2009 American Community Survey (ACS). 1 In the United States …

Inrecent years, a debate has brewed over whether the decentralization of employment has
been beneficial from a regional standpoint. In this article, we focus on one aspect of the …

How have the longer journeys to work faced by Black commuters evolved in the United
States over the last four decades? Black commuters spent 49 more minutes commuting per …

The lack of spatial access to job opportunities is considered one major barrier that explains
low employment rates and long commutes of racial/ethnic minorities, particularly in the US …

This study uses disaggregate data from Bogotá, Colombia to examine the presumption that
individuals engaging in excess commuting have satisfactorily traded commuting for other …

The commute trip bears an importance to transportation planning far beyond simply its share
of total travel. Commuting is regular in its frequency, time of departure and destination—and …

Commuting is the major source of congestion and air pollution in the United States. For
almost a decade, urban policy-makers have been concerned about the geographical …

Do older workers, including those that work beyond age 65, have different commuting
patterns than their younger counterparts? With a focus on older working adults, including …

Intersecting systems of land use and transportation access, employment opportunities,
employer roles, and neighborhood dynamics shape commuting experiences among people …