Two important challenges facing 5G are energy efficiency and mobile users' mobility in
heterogeneous wireless networks (HetNets). One of the important techniques for improving …

The fifth generation (5G) ultra dense network (UDN) is envisioned as a very dense
deployment of low power base stations where heterogeneous radio access technologies are …

Abstract 5G ultra-dense network can get more cell splitting gain through high-density base
station deployment, which has higher spectral efficiency and capacity than LTE. However …

Recently, green networks are considered as one of the hottest topics in Information and
Communication Technology (ICT), especially in mobile communication networks. In a green …

The evolution of 5G small cell networks has led to the advancement of vertical handover
decision-making algorithms. A mobile terminal (MT) tends to move from one place to another …

In the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) specification [1], the conditional hand
over procedure is defined to reduce the hand over failures in 5G networks by early …

Ultra-densification is a key approach aimed at satisfying high data traffic in next-generation
5G networks. However, the high number of small cell eNB deployments in such ultra-dense …

Energy consumption of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in general and
wireless mobile networks in particular is rapidly increasing with the exponential growth of …

One of the most challenges of 4G network is to have a unified network of heterogeneous
wireless networks. To achieve seamless mobility in such a diverse environment, vertical …

The fifth generation (5G) is expected to fulfil the future users' needs of mobile users by
proving them with the best connection while serving high data traffic volume with increased …