Patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis (HD) are potentially at risk of
deficiency and excess of trace elements. HD exposes patients to large volumes of water (> …

Background Hemodialysis patients are at risk for deficiency of essential trace elements and
excess of toxic trace elements, both of which can affect health. We conducted a systematic …

Results Over 2 years of follow-up, 260 (20%) patients died, 285 (24%) experienced a
cardiovascular event, 117 (10%) were hospitalized for systemic infection, and 928 (77%) …

Background Low concentrations and excessive concentrations of trace elements have been
commonly reported in hemodialysis patients, but available studies have several important …

Although associated with unfavorable outcomes in the general population, abnormal blood
levels of various trace elements have not been consistently studied in the end-stage renal …

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Essential trace elements are involved in many biological processes
for normal cell function including immunological defense against oxidation and infection …

For human beings trace elements are essential nutrients with a gamut of functions. They are
for instance indispensable components of many enzymes, so they have some regulatory …

Although the connection between aluminum intoxication and dialysis dementia was
identified in the 1980s, understanding of trace element imbalances in hemodialysis patients …

Introduction Patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis therapy are at
risk of developing deficiencies of essential trace elements and/or overload of toxic trace …

Background People with kidney failure are often deficient in zinc and selenium, but little is
known about the optimal way to correct such deficiency. Methods We did a double-blind …