Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by immune activation in response to
viral spread, in severe cases leading to the development of cytokine storm syndrome (CSS) …

Introduction A growing number of evidences suggest that the combination of
hyperinflammation, dysregulated T and B cell response and cytokine storm play a major role …

Introduction Tocilizumab, a humanized anti-interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) antibody, is
recommended for the treatment of severe to critical coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) …

Severe COVID-19 pneumonia is a principal cause of death due to cascade of hyper
inflammatory condition that leading to lung damage. Therefore, an effective therapy to …

Cytokine storm refers to the overproduction of immune and inflammatory cells and their
proteins (cytokines)[interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6] causing acute respiratory distress syndrome …

Objective: Cytokine storm is considered as the immune hyperinflammatory process which
may deteriorate the course of COVID-19. Interleukin (IL-6) inhibitors can be used in severe …

Among patients suffering from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) syndrome, one of the
worst possible scenarios is represented by the critical lung damage caused by the severe …

Background: Cytokine storm in COVID-19 is heterogenous. There are at least three
subtypes: cytokine release syndrome (CRS), macrophage activation syndrome (MAS), and …

Abstract Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to spread rapidly. Monoclonal
antibodies as well as anti-tumor necrosis factor are considered promising treatments for …

Aim: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic with potential life-threatening
outcomes. The current study aims to demonstrate the effect of tocilizumab in COVID-19 …