Cytokines play pleiotropic, antagonistic, and collaborative in viral disease. The high
morbidity and mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) make it a significant threat …

Pathogenic human coronavirus infections, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV
(SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome CoV (MERS-CoV), cause high morbidity …

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a global health crisis, with no specific antiviral to treat
the infection and the absence of a suitable vaccine to prevent it. While some individuals …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a viral agent that causes
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a disease that causes flu-like symptoms that, when …

Objective To describe the laboratory parameters and biomarkers of the cytokine storm
syndrome associated with severe and fatal COVID-19 cases. Methods A search with …

The rapid spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute
respiratory syndrome–coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in an unprecedented …

Accumulating evidence supports that the viral-induced hyper-inflammatory immune
response plays a central role in COVID-19 pathogenesis. It might be involved in the …

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a novel respiratory disease induced by severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It remains poorly understood how …

The Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has swept the world and caused a global
pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 seems to have originated from bats as their reservoir hosts over …

Hyperactivation of the host immune system during infection by SARS-CoV-2 is the leading
cause of death in COVID-19 patients. It is also evident that patients who develop …