To test competing models of age-related changes in brain functioning (capacity limitation,
neural efficiency, compensatory reorganization, and dedifferentiation), young (n= 40; mean …

Age-related performance decreases are frequently observed on various memory tasks.
Recent brain imaging studies using positron emission tomography (PET) and functional …

There are substantial declines in behavioral measures of cognitive function with age,
including decreased function of executive processes and long-term memory. There is also …

The performance of many cognitive tasks changes in normal aging [1–3]. Recent behavioral
work has identified some tasks that seem to be performed in an age-invariant manner [4]. To …

As an introduction to the special issue on neurocognitive factors underlying age effects, we
discuss a number of recent developments in the literature on aging. The classic distinction …

One striking aspect of age changes in cognitive functioning is that age-related decrements
vary enormously from one type of test to another. In the realm of psychometric assessment …

There are three general categories of causes of the cognitive decline associated with aging:
disuse, disease, and aging per se. People tend to use certain skills or abilities less with age …

Over the past two decades there has been much support for the commonly held belief that
memory deteriorates in later adulthood. However, there has been less progress towards …

This chapter explores the roles of attention and depth of processing in the encoding of
information, and how deficits in these two functions might underlie age decrements in …

The present article reviews theories of memory and aging over the past 50 years.
Particularly notable is a progression from early single-mechanism perspectives to complex …