A cytokine super cyclone in COVID-19 patients with risk factors: the therapeutic potential of BCG immunization

BS Johnson, M Laloraya - Cytokine & growth factor reviews, 2020 - Elsevier
The seventh human coronavirus SARS-CoV2 belongs to the cluster of extremely pathogenic
coronaviruses including SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, which can cause fatal lower …

COVID-19 and cytokine storm syndrome: are there lessons from macrophage activation syndrome?

MJ Ombrello, GS Schulert - Translational Research, 2021 - Elsevier
Although interest in “cytokine storms” has surged over the past decade, it was massively
amplified in 2020 when it was suggested that a subset of patients with COVID-19 developed …

[HTML][HTML] Potential treatments for COVID-19 related cytokine storm-beyond corticosteroids

Y Miao, L Fan, JY Li - Frontiers in Immunology, 2020 - frontiersin.org
A novel virus, SARS-CoV-2, emerged in Wuhan in December 2019 and rapidly spread to
other cities in China and other countries. Several studies have summarized the clinical …

Cytokine storm syndrome in coronavirus disease 2019: A narrative review

YM Gao, G Xu, B Wang, BC Liu - Journal of internal medicine, 2021 - Wiley Online Library
Cytokine storm syndrome (CSS) is a critical clinical condition induced by a cascade of
cytokine activation, characterized by overwhelming systemic inflammation …

Macrophage activation syndrome and COVID-19

R Otsuka, K Seino - Inflammation and regeneration, 2020 - Springer
An emerging, rapidly spreading coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is causing a devastating
pandemic. As we have not developed curative medicine and effective vaccine, the end of …

The cytokine storm in COVID-19: Further advances in our understanding the role of specific chemokines involved

F Coperchini, L Chiovato, G Ricci, L Croce… - Cytokine & Growth …, 2021 - Elsevier
SARS-COV-2 infection represents the greatest pandemic of the world, counting daily
increasing number of subjects positive to the virus and, sadly, increasing number of deaths …

The role of cytokines and chemokines in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections

RJ Hsu, WC Yu, GR Peng, CH Ye, SY Hu… - Frontiers in …, 2022 - frontiersin.org
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in countless
infections and caused millions of deaths since its emergence in 2019. Coronavirus disease …

Cytokine storm in COVID-19: pathogenesis and overview of anti-inflammatory agents used in treatment

M Soy, G Keser, P Atagündüz, F Tabak… - Clinical …, 2020 - Springer
COVID-19 infection has a heterogenous disease course; it may be asymptomatic or causes
only mild symptoms in the majority of the cases, while immunologic complications such as …

[HTML][HTML] Cytokine storm intervention in the early stages of COVID-19 pneumonia

X Sun, T Wang, D Cai, Z Hu, H Liao, L Zhi, H Wei… - Cytokine & growth factor …, 2020 - Elsevier
Clinical intervention in patients with corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has
demonstrated a strong upregulation of cytokine production in patients who are critically ill …

Is severe COVID-19 a cytokine storm syndrome: a hyperinflammatory debate

P Mehta, DC Fajgenbaum - Current opinion in Rheumatology, 2021 - journals.lww.com
Hyperinflammation is a key component of severe COVID-19, residing underneath the
cytokine storm umbrella term, associated with poor outcomes. Better understanding of the …