Nastic movements in plants that occur in response to environmental stimuli have inspired
many man-made shape-morphing systems. Tendril is an exemplification serving as a …

Designing artificial muscle actuators with diversely complex deformation and multifunction is
crucial to the soft robots and their bioinspired applications. Herein, by combing the …

For prey, seeding, and protection, plants exhibit ingenious adaptive motions that respond
autonomously to environmental stimuli by varying cellular organization, anisotropic …

There is an increasing demand for soft actuators because of their importance in soft robotics,
artificial muscles, biomimetic devices, and beyond. However, the development of soft …

Recent advances in four-dimensional (4D) printing technology have developed various
approaches for creating shape-morphing structures and devices. However, it is impractical …

Soft robotics enables various applications in certain environments where conventional rigid
robotics cannot deliver the same performance due to their form factor and stiffness. Animals …

In recent years, many researchers have aimed to construct robotic soft grippers that can
handle fragile or unusually shaped objects without causing damage. This study proposes a …

We developed biomimetic hygro-responsive composite polymer scales inspired by the
reversible shape-changes of Bhutan pine (Pinus wallichiana) cone seed scales. The …

Bimorph actuators hold great promise for developing soft robots. However, poor interlayer
adhesion between different materials always threatens their stability for long-term usage. In …

Soft earthworm‐like robots that exhibit mechanical compliance can, in principle, navigate
through uneven terrains and constricted spaces that are inaccessible to traditional legged …