… a spherical boulder and a rigid barrier. The Poisson’s ratios for barrier and concrete boulder
are taken … with successive impacts is attributed to the rearrangement of the rock fragments. …

… boulders on an instrumented rigid barrier. Contrary to existing design practice in which the
boulder … In this study, boulder flows and debris flows with and without boulders were modeled …

… 2a 1 , as the intact rock boulder impact onto the rigid barrier with a low velocity, it will
experience elastic deformation with no plastic deformation at a very short-time impact. The …

… falling boulders and landslide debris, and the sliding displacement of these barriers is a key
… of sliding displacement that a barrier undergoes following a boulder impact. The model was …

… An impact of a barrier by a boulder produces a large exchange of kinetic energy. … of rockfall
demand. Impact forces, which are certainly high, are a product of the rigidity of the barrier as …

… rigid barrier, due to its own inertial resistance, may adequately withstand the impact action
of a heavy boulder … given that the barrier was expected to rock slightly following the impact. …

… falling rocks and debris flows. Different from rigid structures like embankments and rock
galleries made from reinforced ground and concrete, flexible barrier consists of four major steel …

… boulder on a flexible barrier … rigid barriers (Kawahara and Muro 2006; Zhang et al. 2018).
However, those models are not suitable for flexible barriers, as the behavior of flexible barriers …

… between fluid, transported debris such as boulders and rocks and flexible barriers. … Similarly,
the behaviour of dynamic impact forces generated by a granular flow on a rigid barrier was …

… rigid barriers, α = 2.5 covers the impact loading of boulders up to 0.5 m in diameter, while for
flexible barriers, α = 2.0 covers the impact loading of boulders … resist larger boulder impacts, …