… During the set-up phase, nodes send information about location, energy level and energy
… 1), then OAPR algorithm is adopted to build an energy efficient multihop routing protocol …

… in the energy levels of the nodes, and eventually disconnected the subnets. The potential
problem in the proposed multipath routing protocols is that they find the lowest energy route (…

… used for routing-related signaling, rather than the energy level associated … energy consumed
in the MAC operations, our paper investigates the energy consumed due to routing protocol …

… at most two best routes, based upon overall energy levels in the route. One … route could be
use of highest average energy level in the path. The best route will be called the primary route …

… an energy-efficient multi-hop hierarchical routing protocol (MHRP) for WSNs. We prefer to
select sensor nodes with the highest energy level to act as cluster heads and establish routing …

… The data is then aggregated from all nodes in the tree to reach the selected root VBS for a
number of rounds until its energy level reaches a threshold energy level, called E BS . Then …

… Since the energy level 8 is the highest among these least energy levels, … route selection
mechanism for MANET routing protocols, what is we call Cluster Based Energy Efficient Routing …

… sizes and two different initial energy level. Simulation results show that EEMHR is superior
to other existing heterogeneous routing protocols, like multi-hop communication routing [56], …

… the SEHR protocol makes use of energy level alerts and traffic analysis to identify the
energy-deficient nodes in the existing routing path and decreases the chances of route breakages. …

… The proposed routing protocol uses the overhearing technique for updating energy levels.
In most routing protocols, nodes with very low energy levels send a packet to warn their …