… node with a residual energy higher than the average energy level of the nodes in the current
round, and that is nearer to the BS, will be selected as a CH. Furthermore, the optimal value …

… energy utilization. In this paper, we propose a new energyefficient centroid-based routing
protocol … Hence, with node location information and the residual energy level, we can use Eqs. (…

… their energy levels to be critical or depleted to 10%. Nodes with critical energy level then begin
… are not involved in routing or any other tasks, in order to recoup their energy. Eventually, …

… energy-aware route from a source node to a destination node based on the multiple routing
metrics derived considering mobility, energy level, … performances of routing protocols have …

… routing protocols for smart metering application. Issues associated with deploying ad hoc
routing protocol … Our protocol keeps an eye on energy level of the node and sends an alert to …

… table at each node that stores the amount of pheromone trail on connection on the initial
and current energy level of node s, and and are parameter that control the importance of trial …

… The node with the lowest energy level is also elected as CH. Only CH is … and energy supply
is limitless. Due to WSN limitations, we face challenges in the provision of a routing protocol …

… consider the energy level of the receiver node b as it consumes energy for data reception
and transmission if it is selected for forwarding. We do not take into account the energy level of …

… The high-level contribution of this work … routing protocols is not fully addressed by evaluations
which consider only bandwidth. Protocol performance analyses which do not take energy …

… level grid (PG), which consists of nine adjacent SGs. In each round, CH is selected based on
residual energy level … sink node through multihop routing which is determined by minimum …