… To test the counterintuitive prediction that decreasing sensory noise leads to lower metacognitive
efficiency, we employed a perceptual learning paradigm. Twelve subjects participated …

… ] and, in some cases, inefficiency in monitoring may arise from the efficient function of these
other functions of metacognition or even … Sensory noise increases metacognitive efficiency. …

… To test the counterintuitive prediction that decreasing sensory noise leads to lower metacognitive
efficiency, we employed a perceptual learning paradigm. Twelve subjects participated …

… Here we investigate specifically the properties of failures in metacognitive efficiency. …
conceptualize metacognitive noise as variability in the confidence criteria (rather than the sensory …

… if sensory noise affected JoAs similarly to metacognitive processes, we would observe a
significant interaction between Noise … Interestingly, we also found that metacognitive efficiency …

… for the two types of recoding, we can then determine how the estimated metacognitive efficiency
depends on metacognitive bias and … Sensory noise increases metacognitive efficiency …

… on point estimates of metacognitive efficiency from a relatively small number of participants
(N = 36). Single-subject estimates of metacognitive efficiency can be noisy, so our estimates …

… (B) Effect of metacognitive noise σm and sensory noise σs on the evidence- confidence …
And further, to what degree are metacognitive noise σm and metacognitive efficiency correlated …

… strong evidence for increased metacognitive efficiency when action … sensory signal. For
instance, further neural processing of the sensory signal could result in the accumulation of noise …

… and meta-d′, higher sensory noise leads to increased metacognitive efficiency meta-d′/d…
Therefore, metacognitive noise likely contributed to the increase in metacognitive efficiency …