… Differences between signals generated by TLRs are emerging, with both TLR4 and TLR2
signalling requiring an additional adapter termed MyD88adapter-like (Mal; also known as …

… Figure 2 Adapter usage in TLR signal transduction MyD88 is a universal adapter for induction
of the cytokines TNF and IL-6 by IL-1, TLR-2, TLR-4, TLR-5, TLR-7 and TLR-9. It is also …

… , being involved in TLR-2, TLR-4 and TLR-9 signalling 12,13,14,15 ; however, … -4 signals
is incomplete 15,16 . Here we describe a protein, Mal (MyD88-adapter-like), which joins MyD88 …

… MyD88 and the cytoplasmic domains of Drosophila Toll and mammalian IL-1 receptors, leading
him to suggest that “MyD88 may define a family of signal … paper “MyD88: an adapter that …

… MyD88 as an adapter in IL-1 signal transduction; MyD88 forms homodimers in vivo through
DD-DD and Toll-Toll interactions. Overexpression of MyD88 … mutation in MyD88, MyD88-lpr (…

… through Toll/interleukin 1 receptor domain-containing adapter proteins. MyD88 adapter-like
(Mal) is one such adapter that specifically is involved in TLR2 and TLR4 signaling. When …

… These studies show further that the MyD88-independent signalling pathway is mediated by
… the TLR signalling pathways, we searched for adapter molecules in addition to MyD88 and …

… This suggests that MyD88 is essential for signalling by these receptors. The story is not so
clear-cut for TLR3 and TLR4. Certain responses, for example, NF-κB and TNF production are …

… , sorting (eg MyD88 adapter-like (Mal)) and signaling (eg MyD88) adapters, initiating recruitment
… phosphorylation of Mal regulates its interactions with TLR4, MyD88, interleukin-1 (IL-1) …

… Here we show that MyD88, a … of MyD88 interacts with the IL-1 receptor and blocks NF-κB
activation induced by IL-1, but not by TNF. Thus, MyD88 plays the same role in IL-1 signaling as …