… was instrumented to capture induced bending moment and impact pressure. Test results …
the solid fraction and thus the grain contact stresses. The rigid barrier design for the impact with …

… role of solid–fluid interaction on the impact mechanism and load exerted on a rigid barrier. A
… to study the effect of solid–fluid interaction on impact by varying the solid fraction from 0 to 0·…

… solid fraction and barrier height on the overflow and landing mechanisms resulting from
flow–barrier … enough to consider the impact dynamics for flows with a wide range of solid fraction. …

… The solid fraction of the liquid saturated flows is limited to 0.5 in this study because of the …
height depends on the solid fraction, with debris flow (FSL50) impact the maximum. By contrast, …

… To investigate the debris flow impact mechanisms, a broad … of solid fraction, ie, stream flow
(less than 10% solid fraction), … model flexible barrier together with a rigid barrier was used …

… The situation is much less mature for failure mechanisms caused by impact. The intent of …
removal rates caused by particle impact and the properties of the thermal barrier material. The …

… The higher solid fractions in granular debris flows entail … solid fractions. The large particles
are also likely to rebound upon impacting a rigid structure, therefore augmenting the impact …

… and barriers remains a critical challenge for hazards countermeasures in engineering design.
In this study, the impact of geophysical flows on a rigid barrier is … Two impact mechanisms, …

… impact process of such flow onto a flexible barrier, including in-flow solid to solid, in-flow
solid-fluid, debris solid and barrier … r p and α l denote particle radius and liquid volume fraction, …

… are the depth-averaged solid volume fraction and flow velocity of the subsequent flow,
respectively; h 1 is the flow depth; w is the flume width; ϕ 2 is the solid volume fraction of the dead …