… by employing STAR-RIS in a NOMA system is investigated in [8], where the authors aim to
maximize the system … ∈ CNBS×1 is applied at the multiantenna BS such that we have wH …

… Based on the above discussions, the design in the paper can be extended to the case with
multi-antenna BS. To derive some closed-form expressions for gaining useful insights, we …

… In [10], three practical operating protocols for STAR-RIS were defined, in which the authors
… and multi-antenna scenarios by jointly optimizing passive beamformer at STAR-RIS and …

… area can be expanded by applying STAR-RIS in NOMA. Moreover, the application of multiple…
on the STAR-RIS enabled MIMO-NOMA system and exploit its full potential on the system …

… the NOMA scenario with multi-group detection. Inspired by this, we will propose a … STAR-RIS
aided uplink multi-antenna NOMA system with multi-group detection, where the STAR-RIS …

… been presented in the literatures, especially for multiantenna BS systems, to the best of our
… rate of downlink STAR-RIS aided NOMA systems with considering multiantenna BS in this …

… system performance, we perform maximum ratio combining (MRC) at NOMA users and
beamforming towards STAR-RIS … Clerckx et al., “Is NOMA efficient in multi-antenna networks? A …

… and environmentally friendly compared to multi-antenna and relaying systems [4]. Despite the
… In order to reveal the benefits of the proposed downlink STAR-RIS-assisted NOMA system, …

… 1, we consider the STAR-RIS-aided CNOMA downlink communication system, wherein
BS attempts to communicate with a set of multiple users. Each user is sorted into a subset of …

… of our proposed AN aided STAR-RIS NOMA scheme with three benchmark schemes: 1)
conventional RISs scheme (also referred to as C-RISs): The STAR-RIS is replaced by two …