… of the STAR-RISs and conventional RISs. Our numerical results confirm that the STAR-RIS …
order on both sides of the surface, yielding a superior performance gain over conventional …

… , reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) come to rescue. An RIS is a two-dimensional (2D)
surface … As a benefit of these programmable characteristics, RISs are capable of intelligently …

… fabrication technologies, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have emerged … ) surface,
which is equipped with a large number of low-cost passive elements. With the aid of a smart …

… STAR-RIS, which refers to reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS… of many inexpensive
reconfigurable elements. Integrating a … design, STAR-RISs outperform typical passive RISs due to …

… propose the concept of simultaneous transmitting and reflecting RISs (STAR-RISs)1 [6], where
… in this work, the transmitted and reflected signals can be simultaneously reconfigured by …

… RISs by leveraging the higher design flexibility and full-space coverage. Despite the benefits,
the modeling and analysis of STARRISs … and implementation of STARRISs in 6G scenarios …

… reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RIS) is conceived in support of both uplink (UL)
and downlink (DL) users. Furthermore, the dual STARRISs (D-STAR) … -directional STAR-RISs, …

… Building on the understanding of RISs, this thesis proposes and … reconfigurable intelligent
surface (STAR-RISs). Specifically, the device, channel, and signal modeling for STAR-RISs …

… reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RISs) is proposed consisting of reflection-type
amplifiers. The amplitude gains of the STAR … hardware model, an active STAR-RIS-aided two-…

… —The reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is a promising technology to provide smart radio
… -array-based RISs, this work focuses on the metasurface-based RISs and simultaneously …