Gender bias and substantive differences in ratings of leadership behavior: Toward a new narrative.

RB Kaiser, WT Wallace - Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice …, 2016 - psycnet.apa.org
… this disparity focuses on unconscious bias against women in … of gender bias as distinct from
substantive gender differences … of bias against women leaders and some evidence of bias in …

Gender Bias Task Force: Comments on Substantive Law Issues

JM Roush - Wash. & Lee L. Rev., 2001 - HeinOnline
… that the Substantive Law Subcommittee investigated was whether sentences differ for male
… The Subcommittee found no differences in sentencing between male and female offenders …

Gender differences in peer reviews of grant applications: A substantive-methodological synergy in support of the null hypothesis model

HW Marsh, UW Jayasinghe, NW Bond - Journal of Informetrics, 2011 - Elsevier
… a substantively important issue with significant policy implications. Substantively we address
the issue of gender differences … of gender biases in peer review to include assessor gender

Board Gender Diversity: A Path to Achieving Substantive Equality in the United States

KA Houser, JB Williams - Wm. & Mary L. Rev., 2021 - HeinOnline
differ in their views of gender equality. … gender parity is due to interrelated systems of bias
including: (1) the individual cognitive biases of those in gatekeeping roles; (2) institutional bias

[HTML][HTML] Substantive bias and the positional extension of major place contrasts

E Glewwe - Glossa: a journal of general linguistics, 2022 - glossa-journal.org
… I present preliminary evidence that a difference in phonetic precursor size may underlie
the divergent results of the two studies. More broadly, a new approach to untangling the …

Do women always represent women? The effects of gender quotas on substantive representation

S Wang - Political Behavior, 2023 - Springer
… Using a difference-in-differences approach coupled with instrumental variable design, we
… Footnote 7 We develop a set of extended difference-in-differences models. The robustness …

The substantive representation of women: What to do with conservative claims?

K Celis, S Childs - Political Studies, 2012 - journals.sagepub.com
… /partisan bias in our studies of the substantive representation of women… differences among
women which, as explained above, we consider essential for a good theory of the substantive

Women in parliaments: Descriptive and substantive representation

L Wängnerud - Annual Review of Political Science, 2009 - annualreviews.org
… She points out gender biases in personnel, in policy, and in … These noteworthy gender
differences hold when the results … 2006) is that, although gender differences are found on the two …

Reaffirming no-fault divorce: Supplementing formal equality with substantive change

ER Melnick - Ind. LJ, 2000 - HeinOnline
… Furthermore, equality-based rules for divorce failed to recognize the vast difference in marriages
… transition to the labor market uncovered substantive gender biases, making the goal of …

Connecting descriptive and substantive representation: An analysis of sex differences in cosponsorship activity

ML Swers - Legislative Studies Quarterly, 2005 - Wiley Online Library
… the gender gap in the mass public. I find that the policy preferences of elites do reflect gender
differences … These differences are constrained by changes in the political and institutional …