… , with markedly higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interferons (IFNs),
tumor necrosis factors (TNFs), interleukins (ILs), and chemokines, has been detected in patients …

… Furthermore, mononuclear macrophages stimulate higher release of proinflammatory cytokines
[ILs and Tumor Necrosis factor (TNF)], thus increasing the severity of the disease. Indeed…

… and mortality include robust cytokine production (cytokine storm), excessive inflammatory …
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is an important pro-inflammatory cytokine present during …

… -inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, and
IL-8, which in some patients turn out to be a cytokine storm, as discussed more in detail later. …

… -inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) … 2, cytokine storm was advocated
as a key pathogenetic factor … numerous inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, …

… Despite the identification of key molecules, such as the emblematic tumor necrosis factor
alpha, every attempt aiming to dampen this cytokine storm activation or consequences failed in …

… in myeloid and lymphoid cells, including interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, interferon-γ, and
tumor necrosis factor α, through both transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms after …

… cytokine storms are described from both host and pathogen perspectives. In summary, current
studies indicate that cytokine storm… of various cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF…

… of cytokines, particularly tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ), triggers
inflammatory cell death called PANoptosis and consequently results in cytokine storm [5, 12]. …

… stimulating factor, IP-10, MCP-1, macrophage inflammatory protein 1A, and tumor necrosis
factor … Overall, Huang et al [26] suggested that the cytokine storm was associated with disease …