Although there is little doubt that a close relation exists between urbanization and economic
development, this relation is far from being as simple as it is often treated in the literature on …

Although many of the empires directly linked with this trade were to the west of pres-ent-day
Nigeria, there is enough evidence to show that Northern Nigeria directly and actively …

The writings of numerous Arab geographers and historians during the period-writers such as
Ibn Haukal in the 10th century; El Masudi, El Bekri, El Yaqut, and Idrisi in the 12th century; …