The main clinical manifestations of coronavirus pneumonia are fever, fatigue, dry cough, and a few severe cases may cause severe pneumonia. Cytokine storm (CS) is an important cause of death in patients with severe coronavirus pneumonia. Excessive immune inflammatory reaction, with a large number of inflammatory cell infiltrations and the extreme increase of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines will lead to acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This article reviews the research progress on the role of cytokine storm in several highly pathogenic and infectious coronavirus infections and the corresponding treatment strategies, in order to provide guidance for clinical treatment of coronavirus pneumonia in the future.

自 2019 年 12 月起, 全球陆续报告了多例新的冠状病毒感染人的病例, 随后国际病毒分类委员会将此新型冠状病毒命名为严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2). 新冠病毒感染可引发机体过度免