3D printing or additive manufacturing is an emerging technique for the fabrications of biomedical components. Several researchers are working on fabrications of the biomedical components, future prospective of implantation, and transplantation aspects. The current review presents a meticulous summary of research work done so far by the researchers in the view of design and fabrications about biomedical components by using 3D printing technology such as fused deposition modeling (FDM), inkjet printing, stereolithography, and selective laser sintering (SLS). The design and fabrications of biomedical components include 3D printing of bone, low-cost high-quality prosthetics, intervertebral disks, medical equipment, heart valve, building tissues using blood vessels and drugs. The objective of this review article is to explore different additive manufacturing processes, challenges, and future developments for 3D printing for biomedical components.