locked loop (PLL) having a phase frequency detector (PFD) with dead-zone removal and
current mismatch reduction techniques is presented in this work. The quadrature ring VCO is
capacitively-controlled and current-tuned to provide a 1.8 to 6.3 GHz operating range of
frequency making it appropriate for a wide variety of wireline and wireless applications. The
PLL prototype has been fabricated in a 55 nm CMOS process. The PLL has an active area of …