Objectives: The rate of mortality in the perinatal period is considered one of the most important health indices in a community. Therefore, effective factors should be identified and appropriate strategies should be developed to maintain and enhance the health level of the neonates as a vulnerable group. Accordingly, the present study aimed to determine the rate of perinatal mortality in Semnan.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on perinatal death certificates at the neonatal department of Amiralmomenin hospital of Semnan University of Medical Sciences during 2016-2017. Based on the aim of the study, an anonymous self-administered questionnaire was developed and used. Results: The findings indicated that 55.9% of the newborns were premature. In addition, 89.1% of the infants weighed less than 2500 g. Further, 35.8% of the deaths were due to prematurity while 1.9 of them were related to a congenital anomaly. Finally, a significant relationship was found between the gestational age and causes of death (P< 0.05). Conclusions: In general, authorities are recommended to develop and equip maternity centers and provide access to experienced personnel in developing countries. Moreover, based on the findings, developing neonates care centers and having access to intensive care special for high-risk neonates are considered essential issues.