In recent years, Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) development is becoming a significant research area. The crucial motive of VANET deployment is to enhance road safety and reduce fatalities. Routing in VANET is a stimulating development due to nodes that are in high-speed, which results in frequent topology transitions and transmission of the packet within a marginal time. Existing protocols on routing were not enough to comply with all routing issues. Thus, a review of routing protocols is essential to identify an applicable routing protocol in the VANET environment. Firstly, the basic VANET and mode of communication are described. Secondly, various existing routing protocols and research works of VANET are discussed. Finally, a wide range of challenges and open issues about VANET are addressed.