Long-chain fatty acyl-coenzyme As (CoAs) are critical regulatory molecules and metabolic
intermediates. The initial step in their synthesis is the activation of fatty acids by one of 13
long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase isoforms. These isoforms are regulated independently and
have different tissue expression patterns and subcellular locations. Their acyl-CoA products
regulate metabolic enzymes and signaling pathways, become oxidized to provide cellular
energy, and are incorporated into acylated proteins and complex lipids such as …