this research was conducted to evaluate the performance of wheat advanced lines, developed by Purdue University small grain program, under Kabul agro-ecological conditions. The main objectives of this research were: to determine the superior genotypes that are adapted to Kabul agroecological condition and use them in future wheat breeding programs in Afghanistan. Random complete block design (RCBD). research farm and agronomy lab of Agriculture Faculty, Kabul University, 36 months. Eleven wheat advanced lines from Purdue University and three local varieties for checks from Kabul were tested for three years under Kabul agro-ecological conditions. Data were collected on grain yield and yield components. Analysis revealed a highly significant difference among genotypes for grain yield and the yield components. Analysis of variance of the 11 advanced lines and local varieties showed a highly significant genotype effect for all the studied traits. The most coefficient of determination observed between yield and kernel weight (R2= 0.53). To determine similarity and genetic distances between advanced lines and local varieties, cluster analysis by Ward method was used and all genotypes divided into 3 clusters similarity. Two of the advanced Purdue lines (SNOWMASS-01 and 112303-IN) performed well under-Kabul Agro-ecological conditions and yielded (t/ha) significantly higher than checks (2.79 and 2.62 t/ha).

Conclusion: With additional tastings, these potential lines could be released after for specific environments in Afghanistan similar to the Kabul agro ecology.