The conditions for the formation of ionic associates and J- and H-aggregates from amphiphilic cationic tetraphenylporphyrin derivatives in aqueous solutions of anionic surfactants and polyelectrolytes in a wide range of concentrations and pH are considered. The aggregation behaviors of tetraphenylporphyrin and its cationic derivatives in aqueous microheterogeneous systems are compared illustrating the influence of the porphyrin molecular structure on its ability to form supramolecular aggregates of a certain structure. The mechanism of the promoting action of premicellar solutions of anionic surfactants on the formation of J-aggregates of the diprotonated form of cationic porphyrins was proposed. The acid-base properties of a number of new synthetic meso-aryl-substituted porphyrins in aqueous microheterogeneous systems were characterized.