argue that the fourth age emerges from the institutionalization of the infirmities of old age set
against the appearance of a third-age culture that negates past representations of old age.
We outline the historical marginalization of old age from early modern society to the
contemporary concentration of infirmity within long-term care which makes of old age an
undesirable “social imaginary”. As “old age” fades from the social world, we liken this to the …