Applications of focused ultrasound-mediated blood-brain barrier opening

CM Gorick, VR Breza, KM Nowak, VWT Cheng… - Advanced drug delivery …, 2022 - Elsevier
Advanced drug delivery reviews, 2022Elsevier
The blood brain barrier (BBB) plays a critically important role in the regulation of central
nervous system (CNS) homeostasis, but also represents a major limitation to treatments of
brain pathologies. In recent years, focused ultrasound (FUS) in conjunction with gas-filled
microbubble contrast agents has emerged as a powerful tool for transiently and non-
invasively disrupting the BBB in a targeted and image-guided manner, allowing for localized
delivery of drugs, genes, or other therapeutic agents. Beyond the delivery of known …
Abstract
The blood brain barrier (BBB) plays a critically important role in the regulation of central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis, but also represents a major limitation to treatments of brain pathologies. In recent years, focused ultrasound (FUS) in conjunction with gas-filled microbubble contrast agents has emerged as a powerful tool for transiently and non-invasively disrupting the BBB in a targeted and image-guided manner, allowing for localized delivery of drugs, genes, or other therapeutic agents. Beyond the delivery of known therapeutics, FUS-mediated BBB opening also demonstrates the potential for use in neuromodulation and the stimulation of a range of cell- and tissue-level physiological responses that may prove beneficial in disease contexts. Clinical trials investigating the safety and efficacy of FUS-mediated BBB opening are well underway, and offer promising non-surgical approaches to treatment of devastating pathologies. This article reviews a range of pre-clinical and clinical studies demonstrating the tremendous potential of FUS to fundamentally change the paradigm of treatment for CNS diseases.
Elsevier
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