Arrestin‐independent constitutive endocytosis of GPR125/ADGRA3

K Spiess, SO Bagger, LJ Torz… - Annals of the New …, 2019 - Wiley Online Library
K Spiess, SO Bagger, LJ Torz, KHR Jensen, AL Walser, JM Kvam, ASK Møgelmose…
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2019Wiley Online Library
The orphan receptor GPR125 (ADGRA3) belongs to subgroup III of the adhesion G protein−
coupled receptor (aGPCR) family. aGPCRs, also known as class B2 GPCRs, share basic
structural and functional properties with other GPCRs. Many of them couple to G proteins
and activate G protein− dependent and− independent signaling pathways, but little is known
about aGPCR internalization and β‐arrestin recruitment. GPR125 was originally described
as a spermatogonial stem cell marker and studied for its role in Wnt signaling and cell …
Abstract
The orphan receptor GPR125 (ADGRA3) belongs to subgroup III of the adhesion G protein−coupled receptor (aGPCR) family. aGPCRs, also known as class B2 GPCRs, share basic structural and functional properties with other GPCRs. Many of them couple to G proteins and activate G protein−dependent and −independent signaling pathways, but little is known about aGPCR internalization and β‐arrestin recruitment. GPR125 was originally described as a spermatogonial stem cell marker and studied for its role in Wnt signaling and cell polarity. Here, using cell‐based assays and confocal microscopy, we show that GPR125 is expressed on the cell surface and undergoes constitutive endocytosis in a β‐arrestin−independent, but clathrin‐dependent manner, as indicated by colocalization with transferrin receptor 1, an early endosome marker. These data support that the constitutive internalization of GPR125 contributes to its biological functions by controlling receptor surface expression and accessibility for ligands. Our study sheds light on a new property of aGPCRs, namely internalization; a property described to be important for signal propagation, signal termination, and desensitization of class A (rhodopsin‐like) and B1 (VIP/secretin) GPCRs.
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