shown that early-life respiratory disease is associated with reduced lung function, COPD,
and airway thickening. Using 5-year follow-up data, we assessed disease progression in
subjects who had experienced early-life respiratory disease. We hypothesized that there are
alternative pathways to reaching reduced FEV 1 and that subjects who had childhood
pneumonia, childhood asthma, or asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) would have less lung …