subjected to ischaemia for a variable period of time, after which they are reperfused. Many
factors have been implicated in the cause of reperfusion injury including free radicals and
neutrophils. Caffeic acid (3, 4-dihydroxycinnamic acid) phenethyl ester (CAPE) is an active
component of propolis from honeybee; it has anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory
properties, and protective effects against ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. We investigated …