Cynipidae) is an invasive wasp in Europe and is one of the major pests of chestnuts
worldwide. An investigation of this cynipid was started in Campania, Southern Italy, in 2008,
with the aim of providing guidelines for its sustainable control. 2 The number of larvae/gall
increased in the second year of colonization relative to the first one but thereafter decreased
in the third year of colonization, whereas the volume of the galls after the initial increase in …