Inefficient data transmission has been a development bottleneck of Vehicular Ad-hoc NETworks (VANETs), especially in urban areas. It has been proved that many complex IP-based solutions are difficult to be applied in the highly dynamic and link-interrupted vehicular environment. In recent years, Named Data Networking (NDN) has become the most popular realization of Information-Centric Networking (ICN) for future networks. Its characteristics of multi-source, multi-path and in-network caching are helpful for improving the data transmission in VANETs. However, the bottom layer of vehicles cannot provide multiple interfaces to different domains like the routers in wired networks. Thus interface-based forwarding degenerates into directionless broadcasting with low performance and high overhead. Against this problem, we propose COMPASS, a novel named data transmission protocol for VANETs. Firstly, a dynamic directional interface model is built as the cornerstone of our COMPASS. Secondly, the forwarding strategies are improved for rapid interest dissemination and named data retrieving. Besides, an interface remapping method and the update strategies of Forwarding Information Base (FIB) and Pending Interest Table (PIT) are designed to enhance the robustness in high-mobility environment. Finally, the performance of COMPASS is verified on ndnSIM. Compared with the other three state-of-the-art protocols, COMPASS obtains the highest interest satisfaction ratio and the shortest transmission delay in urban traffic scenarios with restricted communication and storage overhead.