exascale HPC systems. In particular, we sketch the computational complexities of finite
difference (FD) method, pseudo-spectral method, and fast Fourier transform (FFT). The
global data communication among the compute cores brings down the efficiency of pseudo-
spectral codes and FFT. A FD solver involves relatively lower data communication. However,
an incompressible FD flow solver has a pressure Poisson equation, whose computation in …