… of chronic kidney disease, … kidney diseases, but causation in chronic kidney disease is not
yet fully understood. For instance, despite a close association between chronic kidney disease …

… This finding emphasises the need for treatments to reduce risk of cardiovascular disease
and to slow progression of chronic kidney disease. Risks of both mortality and kidney failure …

… The final common pathological manifestation of many chronic kidney diseases is renal
fibrosis. Renal fibrosis represents the unsuccessful wound-healing of kidney tissue after chronic, …

… number at birth, nephron loss due to increasing age and acute or chronic kidney injuries
caused by toxic exposures or diseases (for example, obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus). The …

… treatment for chronic kidney disease are to slow down the progression of kidney dysfunction,
… Clinical epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease prior to dialysis. …

… /1.73 m2 or one or more markers of kidney dysfunction including albuminuria. Box 1 lists
markers of kidney damage. Chronic kidney disease is further classified into stages based on the …

This issue provides a clinical overview of chronic kidney disease, focusing on prevention,
diagnosis, treatment, and patient information. The content of In the Clinic is drawn from the …

… Patients with diabetes are at increased risk for chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular
events. The control of blood glucose levels in patients with chronic kidney disease may be …

The worldwide rise in the number of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and consequent
end-stage renal failure necessitating renal replacement therapy is threatening to reach …

… chronic kidney disease in relation to levels of socioeconomic development and health-care
systems. We also review the different types of chronic kidney disease … chronic kidney disease …