Animal production was one of the major activities in the Greek islands as it was completely placed into traditional management system and fallow represented a kind of care for the dry fields that demand increased protection in order to protect their fertility. The aim of this study was to investigate the structure of sheep and goat breeding in a typical Greek island for both aspects of economy and environment. Especially using comparative analysis between sheep and goat breeding farms, that are fully or part time employment, it was tried to be connected the financial results with the “friendliness” that these farms have with the environment mainly in account with the exerted grazing pressure by them. Using data, collected from 75 sheep and goat breeding farms varied in size and yields, the analysis finds that the profit gained by this employment is mainly owed to the direct payments given to the breeders by the State, while this employment imputes complemental rather and not main income.