The train-induced airflow in a tunnel has great significance for tunnel ventilation, fire rescue,
and equipment installations. In particular, the aerodynamic effects induced by two trains
passing each other in a tunnel are fiercer and complicated than those of a single train. In this
research, a comparative CFD study of the three-dimensional slipstreams induced by a single
train and two trains passing by in a tunnel was conducted using the unsteady Reynolds-
Averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS) method. Three-dimensional computational models of a …